Mitochondrial pathways-
• TCA cycle (Krebs cycle)
• Electron transport chain (ETC)
• Oxidative phosphorylation
• Fatty acid β-oxidation
• Ketogenesis
Cytosolic pathways-
• Glycolysis
• Pentose phosphate pathway (HMP shunt)
• Fatty acid synthesis
• Protein synthesis (Translation on ribosomes, RER)
Both Mitochondria & Cytosol pathways-
• Gluconeogenesis (Pyruvate carboxylase in mitochondria, rest in cytosol)
• Urea cycle (Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I & Ornithine transcarbamylase in mitochondria, rest in cytosol)
• Heme synthesis (First step in mitochondria, later steps in cytosol)
• Pyrimidine synthesis (Carbamoyl phosphate formation in cytosol, Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in mitochondria)
• Steroid synthesis (Cholesterol synthesis begins in cytosol, later steps in mitochondria)