Mitochondria and Cytosolic pathway

Mitochondrial pathways- 

• TCA cycle (Krebs cycle)

• Electron transport chain (ETC) 

• Oxidative phosphorylation

• Fatty acid β-oxidation

• Ketogenesis

 

Cytosolic pathways- 

• Glycolysis

• Pentose phosphate pathway (HMP shunt)

• Fatty acid synthesis

• Protein synthesis (Translation on ribosomes, RER)

 

 

Both Mitochondria & Cytosol pathways- 

• Gluconeogenesis (Pyruvate carboxylase in mitochondria, rest in cytosol)

• Urea cycle (Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I & Ornithine transcarbamylase in mitochondria, rest in cytosol)

• Heme synthesis (First step in mitochondria, later steps in cytosol)

• Pyrimidine synthesis (Carbamoyl phosphate formation in cytosol, Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in mitochondria)

• Steroid synthesis (Cholesterol synthesis begins in cytosol, later steps in mitochondria)

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