Second messengers mediating hormonal function

Second messengers mediating hormonal function-

1. cAMP

2. cGMP

3. Cell membrane phospholipid (IP3 & DAG): PLC = IP3 + DAG
4. Calcium ion (Sometimes called 3rd messenger)

2nd messengers	Pathway
cAMP	PKA
cGMP	PKG
IP3 (Mnemonic: 3 = C)	Ca-Calmodulin
DAG	PKC

cAMP (Gi)	cAMP (Gs)	PLC (IP3, DAG); Gq	cGMP
• Angiotensin ll (epithelial cells)	x	• Angiotensin ll (Vascular smooth muscle)	x
x	• Vasopressin (V2 receptor, epithelial cells)	• Vasopressin (V1 receptor, vascular smooth muscle)	x
Catecholamine (α2 receptor)	• Catecholamines (β receptor)	• Catecholamines (α1 receptor)	x
x	Anterior pituitary hormone- • ACTH • LH • FSH • TSH • hCG	Posterior pituitary hormone- • Oxytocin	x
	• CRH • GHRH • Glucagon • Secretin • Parathyroid hormone	Hypothalamic releasing • TRH (Thyrotropin releasing hormone) • GnRH (Gonadotropin) • GHRH (Growth hormone) • Gastrin • CCK • Acetylcholine (M1, M3, M5)	• Nitric oxide • ANP

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