Transplantation is the medical procedure in which living, functioning cells, tissues, or organs are removed from one body (donor) and then transferred to another body (recipient) or sometimes back into the same body (autotransplantation).
This process can restore or replace the function of damaged or missing organs and tissues.
|
Type of graft |
Donor & Recipient |
Example |
|
Autograft |
Same individual |
Skin graft from thigh to arm |
|
Isograft |
Genetically identical |
Kidney transplant between |
|
Allograft |
Same species, but genetically different |
Mother donating kidney |
|
Xenograft |
Different species |
Pig heart valve to human |
Types of transplant:
1. Autograft - A graft taken from one part of the body and transplanted to another part of the same individual.
Example: Skin grafts taken from a patient's thigh to treat burns on their arm.
2. Isograft - A graft between two genetically identical individuals, such as identical / monozygotic twins.
Example: A kidney transplant between identical / monozygotic twins
3. Allograft - A graft transplanted between two genetically different individuals of the same species.
Allografts can either be from a living or cadaveric source.
Example:
1. A heart transplant from one human donor to another human recipient.
2. Mother donate her kidney to her son
4. Xenograft - A graft taken from a donor of one species and transplanted into a recipient of another species.
Example: Pig heart valves transplanted into humans.