|
Drugs act on Pancrease |
Drugs act on peripheral organs (Mnemonic: Bats) |
|
Amylin analogues - Liraglutine - Exenetide - Albiglutide - Dulaglitide
Incretins (GLP-1 analogues) - Pramlintide
DPP-4 inhibitors (-gliptins) - Sitagliptin - Alogliptin
• Sulfonyl ureas & Meglitinides |
Biguanides: Act on liver - Metformin
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors: Acts on - Voglibose - Acarbose - Miglitol
Thioazolidinedione (Stimulate PPAR-γ - Pioglitazone
SGLUT-2 inhibitors: Act on kidney - Canagliflozin - Dapagliflozin |
PPAR-γ (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma)
Other drugs approve for Type-2 DM:
1. Bromocriptin
2. Colesevelam
3. Epalrestat
Bromocriptin-
it’s Dopamine D2 receptor agonist.
|
Condition |
Purpose of Bromocriptine |
|
Hyperprolactinemia |
Lowers prolactin → treats galactorrhea, amenorrhea, infertility |
|
Prolactinomas |
Shrinks prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors |
|
Acromegaly |
Lowers growth hormone secretion |
|
Parkinson’s disease |
Dopamine agonist → improves motor symptoms |
|
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
Improves insulin sensitivity & lowers glucose |
|
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) |
Dopamine agonist effect |
Colesevelam-
• It’s a bile acid sequestrant and not absorbed systemically.
• It binds bile acids in the gut, preventing their reabsorption.
• Liver uses more cholesterol to make new bile acids → ↓ LDL cholesterol levels.
Use -
• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
• Hyperlipidemia (High cholesterol)
Epalrestat-
• It blocks the enzyme aldose reductase in the polyol pathway, preventing the conversion of glucose to sorbitol.
• This reduces sorbitol buildup in nerve cells, improving nerve conduction, reducing pain, tingling, numbness, and used to treat diabetic neuropathy.
Note- DOC for diabetic neuropathy is Pregabalin.
