Disease related to vitamin A deficiency-
1. Xerophthalmia
2. Phrynoderma / Toad skin - Hyperkeratotic follicular skin lesions
Symptoms of xerophthalmia-
1. Night blindness (nyctalopia)
2. Corneal clouding
3. Corneal xerosis (dryness of the cornea)
4. Conjunctivial xerosis (dryness of the conjunctiva)
WHO classification of Xerophthalmia:
|
|
Primary sign |
|
X1A |
Conjuctival xerosis |
|
X1B |
Bitot’s spot - On bulbar conjuctiva |
|
X2 |
Corneal xerosis |
|
X3A |
Corneal ulceration / Keratomalacia (<1/3 surface) |
|
X3B |
Corneal ulceration / Keratomalacia (>1/3 surface) |
Secoundary sign:
XN - Night blindness
XS - Corneal scar
XF - Fundal changes
NOTE: Xerosis = Dryness