|
Feature |
Epi/Extra dural hemorrhage (EDH) |
Sub dural hemorrhage (SDH) |
Sub arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) |
|
Location |
Between dura mater and skull |
Between dura mater and arachnoid mater |
between the arachnoid and pia mater (in subarachnoid space) |
|
Suture line |
Doesn't cross suture lines |
Cross suture lines |
Cross suture lines |
|
Cause |
Due to trauma causing rupture of an arterial vessel |
Due to trauma causing rupture of a venous vessel |
Due to trauma or aneurysm rupture causing bleeding into CSF |
|
Vessel involved |
• Middle meningeal artery (MMA) |
• Bridging vein |
• Circle of willis (COW) • Rupture of berry aneurysm |
|
Onset |
Rapid, within minutes to hours |
Slower, can develop over days to weeks |
Sudden, within minutes |
|
Symptoms |
• Headache • Lucid interval (loss of consciousness followed by unconsciousness) |
• Headache |
• Severe sudden headache / Thunderclap headache (often described as the worst headache ever) |